Bronchial asthma emphysema relations

Emphysema is the development of chronic bronchitis pulmonary heart disease to the intermediate stage, the alveolar space to expand, alveolar inflatable lung tissue caused by increased flexibility and decreased lung capacity expansion purposes. Bronchial asthma due to long-term repeated attack, emphysema has become the most common complication of. Usually by emphysema generally refers to obstructive pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary emphysema because of the 80 per cent. Because of bronchial asthma attack or repeatedly with repeated infections, bronchial mucous membrane thickening enable small, narrow cavity, mucus gland secretion increased mucus retention, causing bronchial-not completely blocked. Usually, when the suction of bronchial tube-expansion, so patients do not feel shortness of breath when the suction. But breath, bronchial cavity restitution, not completely blocking the increase, alveolar gas hard plastic tube through the narrow and full breath, a result, alveolar pressure gradually increased alveolar space caused by expansion. Remove barriers falling into gas, alveolar residual gas increased, leading to destruction of alveolar wall integration, thus obstructive pulmonary emphysema.

Early identification and treatment of emphysema

Many people have been suffering from emphysema, but also that they have the bronchitis or asthma, which delayed the treatment.

Emphysema is a lung acinar any part of the permanent expansion of abnormal, with devastating change. Generally speaking, if the following conditions, is suffering from pulmonary emphysema: chronic bronchitis, asthma history, cough, sputum, gradually increasing difficulty in breathing, cyanosis gradually deepening a barrel chest, chest diameter by , Lei Jianxi widened, difficulty in breathing, lips finger cyanosis, chest respiratory movement weakened, weakened language chatter, sound-absorbing low Kouzhen inspection, the extension of breath; x-ray can show Shuangfei through enhanced brightness, reduce peripheral lung profiling, Wang declined separated, sports bad; lung function decreased significantly.

The degree of lung function difficulty in breathing for five: First of work, walking and ladder from top to bottom with the same age as healthy; second at the ground to walk the same age and health are the same, and the uphill walk with the ladder can not be healthy The same for the third time when the plains on foot at its own pace can be more than one kilometer walk, but less than the rate of health; fourth time when walking to repeat rest, 50 meters can not be cooked up absolute walk in the end; fifth time To speak, turned around, dressing, dining will be a shortness of breath.

Had emphysema after how do «first bronchial infection prevention and control, not smoking or smoking cessation, proper sports, enhance physical fitness, prevention of influenza. If cough, sputum should immediately seek medical treatment, and control of infection with antibiotics. This was followed by a respiratory gymnastics, insisted in the morning and deep breathing exercise, exercise abdominal breathing, or to do mainly of Xiongshihuxi intercostal muscle movement. In the treatment of serving on the admissibility of positive-pressure oxygen therapy and respiratory therapy. Attention should also be reduced bronchial spasms, improving pulmonary circulation.

35 women over the age of the beginning of “high-risk mothers.”

To say that these are not scare anyone, if you have been Xiazhe Unfortunately, the more Unfortunately you are to catch up with the World Health Organization requirements, then from now on you have to do a good job in perinatal care, prenatal strengthen the inspection, Diagnosis, labor and post-natal care, to better conditions to the maternity hospital, if necessary, should also be admitted ahead of production.

If senior citizens want to pregnant women fertility, should learn more of the Youshengyouyu the knowledge, can be compared to the attention of various elements of the nutritional intake:

In a balanced diet, nutrition at the same time, to control the high-fat, high-sugar diet to avoid weight gain during pregnancy rate too, to prevent fetal overweight;

To control the frequency of life, especially in the last three months of pregnancy should be prohibited sex life;

Laoyijiege attention, not bed-ridden resort, appropriate activities, recreating pregnancy Baojian Cao. The latter part of pregnancy should move around, the campaign is conducive to reasonable-middle.

In addition should also pay attention to the prevention of infection and viral diseases, as far as possible to avoid contact with toxic and harmful chemicals.

As long as the attention of many, pregnancy and childbirth, most of the anomalies can be avoided.

Senior citizens, there are many pregnant women during pregnancy should pay particular attention to areas:

1, and strictly do wellness checks and special inspections.

2, do not use Dianre Tan.

3, avoid hot water bath, sauna, steam bath.

4, to avoid vaginal washing, or likely to cause infection, bleeding, premature rupture of membranes, and other issues.

5, sleep, take the lateral Shuizi, at the same time raise the legs.

6, to say the truth must not Menmenbuyue.

7, Institute of emotional control, when nervous, uncomfortable, do deep breathing exercises, avoid angry, impatient.

Pregnant women the necessary checks to senior citizens

First, ultrasound

General needs to be done twice in 12 weeks and 20 weeks of time for. This check can be used to further determine the date of your pregnancy and any abnormal development of the situation, such as cleft palate, organ abnormalities, and can be found multiple births.

Second, check amniotic fluid and chorionic villi

In about 11 weeks, with a biopsy needle through the abdominal wall into the uterine cervix or reach the placenta location, took out a little villi, to be checked.

Is also available at around 16 weeks, in the state of anesthesia, the needle to puncture the way from amniotic fluid, collecting falling embryonic cells, to be checked.

These are very accurate detection of fetal abnormalities whether the method. The general check pregnant women for senior citizens, this check from the risk of abortion, the need to have the experience under the guidance of doctors.

Third, the umbilical cord puncture

After 20 weeks, local anesthesia in the circumstances, the use of fetal cord blood from a needle, check, this method can detect whether the chromosome abnormalities and genetic blood diseases. This method used only for high-risk pregnant women, higher than the risk of miscarriage from amniotic fluid check.

4, AFP detection

At 16-20 weeks, is a non-dangerous blood examination, determination of alpha-fetoprotein levels in the blood, can be found nerve defects, Down syndrome, kidney and liver disease, are all pregnant women to carry out the inspection.

Chronic renal failure delayed the progress of new ways

At present, many bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) coding genes have been successfully cloned, and has been identified is transforming growth factor - β (TGF-β) superfamily. All this will increase the scientific and technological personnel to study these molecules of interest, and to further observe the expression and function of the creation of the conditions.

Missouri, the United States Department of the Washington University School of Medicine and his colleagues will Klahr S ureteral obstruction rats were divided into four groups: Group 1 for the placebo control group, Group 2 of enalapril, the dose of 12.5 mg / kg / day; Group 3 of BMP-7, doses of 50 or 300 &mgr; g / kg; Group 4 at the same time of enalapril and large doses of BMP-7. They also linked urea in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model of the role of BMP-7 were observed.

The researchers found that, ureteral obstruction three days after reperfusion in rats, application of BMP-7 treatment can reduce mesenchymal capacity, speed up recovery of renal function. In diabetic continued after 16 weeks, rats given BMP-7 treatment. Application of BMP-7 can be partially reversed renal hypertrophy, GFR returned to normal, and reduce proteinuria.

Klahr, and so concluded that these studies indicate that BMP-7, in the application of the maintenance and restoration of ureteral obstruction and diabetic nephropathy animals renal function and structure.

Common clinical acute renal failure causes

From acute renal failure (ARF) in the diagnosis and treatment of perspective can be induced acute renal failure causes divided into three categories:
First, the former of the AIIP kidney, resulting in kidney before A11P of the main reasons are:
(1), lack of effective blood volume, common in gastrointestinal fluid lost the use of diuretics, the burn area, such as hypoproteinemia.
(2) heart failure, found cardiomyopathy, heart valve dysfunction, such as cardiac tamponade.
(3) systemic vascular expansion, seen septicemia, allergies, anesthesia accidents.
(4) renal artery contraction caused renal ischemia.
Second, renal parenchymal ARF, ARF lead to renal parenchymal the main reasons:
(1) acute tubular necrosis, acute renal ischemia seen, the use of kidney toxic drugs, heavy metal poisoning, and so on.
(2) bilateral renal cortical necrosis, found in placental abruption, serious shock.
(3> tubulointerstitial disease, found in drug-mediated acute allergic reaction, infection and systemic disease.
(4) renal vascular disease, found in the renal artery embolism and thrombosis, renal vein thrombosis and microvascular disease, etc..
(5) glomerular diseases, resulting in the primary A11F glomerular diseases radical type nephritis, nephritis after infection, IgA nephropathy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, and other. Secondary nephropathy as lupus nephritis, such as Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephritis.
Third, after the kidney of the ARF, ARF result of the kidney after the main reasons include:
(1) ureteral stones such as incarcerated.
(2) prostatic hypertrophy.
(3) urinary tract and urinary tract injury after surgery.
(4) tumor suppression.

Health Information kidney patients

Multiple chronic renal parenchymal disease will be destroyed, leading to renal failure, it is a process of development. Throughout this process, if we can pay attention to the following aspects may be delayed receipt of renal failure.

Where timely treatment of the primary disease can cause kidney organic change systemic diseases or partial lesions, and ultimately can lead to chronic renal failure. According to reports, the cause of chronic renal failure is the most common chronic glomerulonephritis, or about 65 percent. Timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis, and other primary diseases, prevention and treatment of chronic renal failure a key element in chronic renal failure improved treatment of the primary disease remission, and kidney function is expected to be improved.

Not underestimate flu prevention of influenza is a systemic disease, decreased immune function can, and often secondary infection. According to reports, because of a cold nearly 40 percent of the increase symptoms of chronic nephritis, chronic nephritis with chronic renal failure is the first of the primary disease. Therefore, in our daily lives should attach great importance to the prevention of influenza.

Laoyijiege-rest study indicates that human exertion (including non-section of life caused by exertion), in vivo metabolic products increased workload increased kidney, kidney patients are disadvantaged, can increase the illness. Laoyijiege therefore, avoid over exertion, appropriate rest favorable renal function rehabilitation.

Do not some arbitrary use drugs (including some Chinese) toxic to the kidneys, and the chronic renal failure patients, some of the cases are related to drug and renal toxicity. Therefore, patients taking anti-inflammatory arbitrary, analgesics, such as an antibiotic gentamicin, and potassium content, mercury drugs and medicine Cangerzi, triptolide, such as a cold Aconitum Kusnezoffii overheated Chinese medicine.

Changes in diet nutrition help chronic kidney disease patients are generally associated with malnutrition, and so the diet should be well adjusted, eggs, milk, meat, fresh vegetables and other food suitable, and to avoid eating “of the” food such as dog meat, shrimp, crabs, and so on, should also be breathing Temperance bogey.

Nephropathy patients classified the dialectic method

In recent years, we have adopted a large number of clinical pathological observation, found that the so-called Western medicine in Chinese medicine clinical glomerular diseases are always wet liver stasis spleen, bleeding resistance, hot and humid place, sanjiao unreasonable, renal disorders movements of possession of stolen letters, Among throughout the nephropathy. Therefore, in the course of treatment must have good “kidney” and pathogenesis of disease, can be conducive to the proper treatment early. After years of clinical treatment, the summary will be repeated in the clinical nephropathy classified into the performance of the “Five Card,” “Wu Hou.”

5 card:

Asymptomatic renal possession of stolen letters: Clinical manifestations in the urine qualitative examination, there is always occult blood or urine protein and erythrocyte examination time, the self-inductance no obvious clinical symptoms.

Renal kidney deficiency possession of stolen closure: Apart from the above conditions, but also have the following three are also over. ① lumbar weak acid, or ptosis discomfort; ② tibial knee soft acid; ③ tinnitus, and hearing loss; ④ face edema, or limb edema; ⑤ urine-long or more anti-nocturnal enuresis; ⑥ loose teeth or sparse, alopecia; ⑦ male erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation and other sexual dysfunction, or Irregular Menstruation.

Liver and kidney deficiency possession of stolen letters: kidney deficiency should have the conditions of both dry mouth, or dizzying, head Shibuya, Shiwumohu, Shehong moss less. Third India positive for India or two positive.

Spleen and kidney deficiency closure possession of stolen: a deficiency of the dialectic conditions both chills, Shiling, obviously edema, or Nadai, stool pond; was pale Shaohua, a tongue-fat Chigen. Sanyinjiao positive. Yam or two is also negative.

Kidney Liver Depression spleen moist possession of stolen letters: with asymptomatic renal loss closure of the clinical examination of both symptoms and the following three symptoms; ① Xiongjinchanman, Lexia pain; ② small abdominal distension, not fresh after SHU, stool Dilute pond; ③ fatigue fatigue, mental poor ④ inverse gas, gas, moss thick white or greasy, claws weakness, positive or three printed two Indian positive.

Wu Hou:

Cold Hou: Wuhan fever, cough, edema, Moss thin or white, and clinical manifestations of most acute.

Wind-heat Hou: not Wuhan fever, sore throat swelling, edema minor Shehong moss yellow veins and a few small clinical most acute stage.

Hygrothermal Hou: fever, mouth hard-limb edema, carpal bulging belly nausea, skin eczema Sores, frequency, a sense of urgency, Moss thin yellow or greasy.

Stagnation Hou: A wrong skin, looking dark, low back pain inalienable, or tongue cyanosis sublingual threads are stasis, high blood viscosity, microcirculation and other tests coagulation.

Drowning drug Hou: Niaoshao or frequency, especially at night, nausea and vomiting, Nadai, edema urine stench, moving the asthma, skin itching, headache or dizziness poor sleep, anemia, high blood pressure, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels.

Clinical nephropathy is the most common, but very treatment, more use of traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment of hormone drugs, clinical considerable side effects, there was a high level of repeatedly. More classical Chinese medicine treatment, and effect is not satisfactory. We basis of the “five card,” “Wuhou” dialectical classified, and established the “fidelity Qingzhuo, Blood Circulation, Shugan Lishi” Clinical treatment ideas. Through clinical repeatedly concluded that the clinical nephropathy to consider not only clinical efficacy is more important to consider the prognosis effect. A large part in the clinical patients for chronic renal insufficiency or renal failure and uremia period period. When questioned history that the vast majority have nephropathy in patients with previous history, has repeatedly issued as a chronic or renal failure and uremia. Early use of these patients basically western medicine treatment so each relapse treatment must be taken to consider how Western medicine treatment, the treatment of relapse in each of our medication principle is that when the urine test is not Guse protein drugs, hematuria, and erythrocyte not hemostatic, renal damage and serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, do not use increased diarrhea detoxification method. Followed by Chinese medicine for treatment of the characteristics that the overall concept on the basis of regulating movements to improve renal microcirculation, renal microcirculation resumption of the capillary wall renal microcirculation flexibility and structure of the role of the charge. Cure the root of the problem in order to meet the objective. Kidney patients to the more difficult after recurrence.

Nephropathy can occur with skin fibrosis

United States Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently reported that a small portion of patients with kidney disease in the skin fibrosis patients, and this situation has never been seen in the previous report.

This skin disease is in a California hospital 265 cases of kidney transplant recipients to patients in the first eight cases found. These patients in May 1997 to December 2000 accepted a kidney transplant.

CDC researchers in the January 18 published in the “morbidity and mortality weekly report,” pointed out in an article, “according to clinical examination, patients in the distal limb and trunk are fibrosis skin damage, histological and hardening of the mucus Edema similar, can lead to serious contraction and activities restricted. ”

However, these patients usually have to do with lack of myxedema hardening of the special-shaped protein IgG λ. So far, in the United States and Europe have 49 patients have been diagnosed.

The researchers pointed out that “Although not all patients have shown for kidney disease, but all patients had potential kidney disease; half of the patients received renal transplantation. There is no coherent and effective treatment methods, but there are several cases of illness have improved. ”

CDC epidemiological project leader Dr. Michelle Goveia pointed out that although the reason was unclear, but due to all the patients had kidney disease, “is certain substances may be released or can not be impaired kidney filtration, lead accumulate in the body, thus changing physiological state. ”

She told Reuters the medical reporter, “This is the greatest possibility of the etiology of the disease state is a multi-factor, possibly involving lead to abnormal fibroblast the genetic tendency. In immunosuppression and kidney disease cases, this process have been activated. ”

Dr. Goveia said that although such a state and hardening of myxedema very similar, but there are also some differences. She said: “The kidney disease seen in the skin before, and the typical hardening of myxedema usually associated with the contrary.”

“In addition, this new disease, the distal limb and trunk are usually damaged, histopathology is different, no involvement in the serum of patients with monoclonal IgG λ different types of protein, and the latter with the hardening of myxedema closely related. “

Nephropathy is swollen legs?

Nephropathy is swollen legs?

Some people see a swollen legs on the view that something had gone wrong with kidney, the blind use of diuretic drugs. In fact, lower extremity edema caused the many reasons, to refrain from using diuretics, as it will not only delay treatment, but also caused water, electrolyte imbalance, or even damage the kidneys function.

Lower extremity edema can be a systemic disease symptoms, may also lower extremities is one of the symptoms of the disease locally.

Cardiogenic edema of heart occurred when the right heart failure, due to venous blood back into the left ventricle can not be successful, the increased pressure caused intravenous fluid leakage and enable organizations to enter space, cause edema, first appeared in the ankle, the final throughout the body.

Swelling of acute and chronic kidney nephritis, or kidney disease, renal blood flow due to the reduced sodium and water retention, increased capillary permeability, urine loss caused by too much protein colloid osmotic pressure in plasma decreased, organizations can make space humoral aggregation caused edema. Although common in lower extremity edema, but first emerged in the eyelid and face, leg and then spread to the body, accompanied by Niaoshao or nocturnal enuresis, polyuria.

Hepatic edema was mainly due to cirrhosis of the liver damage, the portal venous drainage and doors blocked by the increased static pressure, but malnutrition, liver failure, also have low serum albumin, swelling from the ankle and started spreading upward , but the most obvious significant ascites, rarely spread to the head and face and upper limb.

Malnutrition nutritional edema obstacles to a decrease in plasma albumin edema, first appeared in the lower extremities, and gradually spread throughout the body upward. Edema, prior malnutrition, absorbing barriers or chronic wasting disease.

More localized lower extremity edema due to lower extremity venous, lymphatic fluid into the tube leading to disruption caused by space organizations, such as the lower extremities embolization of phlebitis, lymphangitis, filariasis, pelvic tumors or lower extremity venous pressure, edema often seen in the unilateral lower limb, normally does not spread body.

Low back pain should beware of nephropathy

People back pain is one of the most common symptoms. Some young people a reason to back pain, especially activity of low back pain, as well as weakness, Niaoshao phenomenon, we should pay attention to, probably early nephropathy signal, particularly to consider the possibility of nephritis, or kidney stones. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment to the hospital for an examination.

The relationship between low back pain and kidney disease? Nephropathy violations often targeted those with the disease appear, and no history of nephropathy, but immunocompromised people, such a person is susceptible to tonsillitis, upper respiratory tract infection, such as mumps. The disease is the main cause of external bacterial or viral respiratory invasion of the body after it produced the opposite sex, as well as water-kidney antibody caused by too few.

In the hospital out-patient encounter can be such a sick of the usual minor notalgia not draw attention, after a low back pain intensified, a shower of swelling, anaemia, dizziness, to the hospital for an examination found that hypertension, a B-show, such as stone , urine check-protein, red blood cells, white blood cell, this treatment has been delayed. So peacetime attention to the physical training and enhance the body’s resistance to disease and avoid common cold. When you for no reason at all, the name of the low back pain, we must first consider the possible kidney disease should be promptly to the hospital for examination.