Knee injuries how do? Yao injured - from the knee injury and treatment of orthopedic Network

On December 23, 2006, the Chinese NBA star Yao Ming of concern in the Department of the NBA game right knee injury accidents. At that time, Yao Department were strongly impact right knee, pain keen on the floor for five minutes long can not stand up. It is reported that Yao right knee Department of a “fracture” or at least needed a break six weeks to restore competition.

Yao injured We are concerned about the same time, need to understand what is fracture? Knee injuries can be caused those injuries? How injured joints should be done?

Fracture is the fracture, from X-chip fracture line can be seen, but they do not shift. Such fractures often occur in the joints cancellous bone parts such as the wrist, hip and knee. These parts of fracture healing ability, and generally 4 after functional training can gradually resume.

In sports or everyday injured knee is the most easily one of the site. No muscles around the knee protection relies entirely on the joint capsule, ligaments and a half months板起protecting and stabilizing role. Therefore, the knee injury can cause fractures, ligament and meniscus injury.

Then, after knee injuries should be how do? If serious injury, severe pain, swelling or a joint rapid blood stasis, or activities should be avoided as far as possible to stand trial, so as not to add to injury. If there is a fracture, standing, walking will add fracture displacement. After the wound bleeding injuries to use clean towels, paper towels or other items to protect the wound. Two legs and has to be homogeneous, used clothing or towels tied together, can be avoided on the way to hospital and cause further damage and can reduce pain. Or should call the ambulance stretcher to the hospital for an examination as soon as possible, confirmed. A medical examination only if gypsum fracture can be fixed. If the fracture is displaced fracture or ligament, meniscus injury generally require surgical treatment.

Ovulation period knee ligament injury and more Chinese

The United States in the 69th session of the annual meeting of orthopedic physician, University of Michigan professor of surgery Wojtys report, female athletes in the menstrual cycle of ovulation period knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury most likely. However, oral contraceptives ACL injury in women may be lower.

Previous studies found that the men and women engaged in the same sport athletes, female ACL injuries than men. Although this has been a variety of explanations, from the hormones but failed to explain the basis of the differences and reach a conclusion.

Wojtys and so determined 65 cases of female athletes acute AXL injury within 24 hours of estrogen and progesterone metabolism level. The results showed that female ACL injuries in 43% occurred in ovulation period; This is the expected 18% incidence of higher more than doubled. On the contrary, in the luteal phase ACL injury rate was 34%, and the expected 50%.

The use of oral contraceptives to reduce the period of ovulation ACL injury incidence, the women taking contraceptives, in the period of ovulation ACL injury rate was 29%; We expect the rate was 18%.

Wojtys professors believe that this study shows that women in the reproductive period, the period of ovulation in their most vulnerable to ACL injury. He added that the use of oral contraceptives can not be completely eliminated but can reduce the possibility of ACL injury. However, he is not suggesting that female athletes conventional use of contraceptives.

Lateral collateral ligament knee injury treatment

1. Fresh collateral ligament injury

(1) of the knee fracture will be placed in 150 ~ 160 ° flexion, with the long legs of cast immobilization (not including foot and ankle), a week after walking with gypsum Shimoji, 4 to 6 weeks after the removal of fixed knee flexion and extension exercises, training attention quadriceps.

If the merger with cruciate ligament injury, should first repair cruciate ligament, and then repair collateral ligament; If the merger meniscus injury, should first resection meniscus injury, and then repair the ligament damage.

2. Old lateral collateral ligament rupture

Quadriceps Exercise should be strengthened, so as to enhance the stability of the knee, such as the knee is unstable and can be used for the adjacent site tendon ligament reconstruction. Recently there have been reports carbon fiber used as collateral ligament reconstruction materials, achieved satisfactory results.

3. Anterior cruciate ligament injury: Where dissatisfied with the two weeks of anterior cruciate ligament surgery for fracture should be sutured. Arthroscopic currently stands suture of doing ligament.

4. Posterior cruciate ligament injury: current views biased in favor early in arthroscopic repair.

Lateral collateral ligament knee injury check

X-ray examination: under local anesthesia, straighten the knee, according to the above method, the strong close to the knee or outreach, X-ray film is situated, such as collateral ligament completely fracture, injury lateral joint space widened.

MRI: can clearly show the situation around the anterior cruciate ligament, the ligament can be found unexpected hidden structural damage and the fracture line.

Arthroscopy: The diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury is very important.

Lateral pressure test (separation test): knee extension, to single-handedly hold the injured legs inspection ankle, and the other hand the thenar withstand laptop Department of the medial or lateral, or strong outreach to the leg, as part of the medial collateral ligament injury, outreach due to a ligament injury caused involves pain; If fully fault there was unusual outreach activity. Instead, as part of the lateral collateral ligament injury, which involves close due to the ligament injury caused pain; If fully fault, there are anomalies within the resumption of activity.

Drawer test: advancement increase anterior cruciate ligament rupture, retracting increase posterior cruciate ligament rupture. Compared with the contralateral.

Axis shift test: positive outcome of anterior cruciate ligament rupture.

The use of contraceptives like visiting relatives

Visiting relatives contraceptive pill is a kind of quick-impact, suitable for separation and the two shorter visits couples. Medication time without menstrual restrictions. After more than 10 hours of medication, it will enable the cervical mucus becomes thick and prevent sperm entering the uterus cavity. This can also change the endometrial morphology and function, the impact of fertilized egg implantation.
It can be divided into the following types, their use are:
1, megestrol acetate (visiting relatives contraceptive tablets on the 1st): Housing prior eight hours serving one, to the evening service one, every night after serving one until the end of the business and realized Canada to visit relatives serving one. Do not use this drug for more than one month, a year in the use of no more than two suitable. Contraceptive rate was 99.7%.
2, norethindrone: each 5 mg. If visiting relatives in the 14th within time,evening clothes one, every night after oral one; If it has been served 14 days while visiting relatives, would be able to on the 1st or the 2nd short-acting contraceptives to visit relatives ended. After stopping menstruation General on the 7th cramps, the volume will remain basically unchanged. Contraceptive rate of 99.7%.
3,18 of levonorgestrel: Housing began taking advance 1-2 on, done strictly according to the same norethisterone.
4, DME anti-progesterone pill: noon-day visit relatives serving 1 pills, after eachafter serving 1 pill. Contraceptive rate was 99.6%.
5, after visiting relatives tablets (53 of contraceptives): sexual intercourse immediately after serving one, the business and realized increases clothes 1; No need for medication, but Vice reaction rates higher, more accidents of life for the emergency remedial measures.
Couples can visit their relatives according to their own circumstances, to choose more drugs to achieve the purpose of contraception.

What type of contraceptive drugs are visiting relatives

Visiting relatives progesterone contraceptives more like preparation for its contraceptive principle is antiimplantation major role, also known as the Anti-planting contraceptives. Taking time from menstrual restrictions. The drug in the preovulatory suits, the hypothalamus through the negative feedback, can inhibit ovulation and make the cervical mucus becomes thick thick, to the detriment of sperm penetration. In after ovulation medication can endometrial secretion in a non-specific changes, and the normal cycle of endometrial incompatible with the changes and therefore not conducive to implantation of the fertilized egg, to achieve the contraceptive effect.

The current contraceptive commonly used to visit relatives there: norethisterone, each containing levonorgestrel 5 mg; Megestrol acetate, with a per unit to ketone 2 mg; 18 of levonorgestrel, each containing 18 of levonorgestrel 3 mg; On the 23rd ie R, each 3 mg, the role of anti-progesterone activity, to combat implantation; after visiting relatives tablets, 53, contraceptives, as weak estrogen activity with the loss of carbon compounds.

Sleeping pills are not the first choice to deal with insomnia

In people’s lives, in the case of insomnia is not uncommon. When insomnia, many people think of first is the use of sleeping pills to help myself sleep. Contrary to solve the drug is not the best choice for insomnia.

American researchers recently found through experiments, natural sleep than hypnotic drugs on the human body is desirable. While taking sleeping pills because enable people to fall asleep faster, but wake up, and the concentrated attention is not usually up in a short time. On the contrary, those who use natural methods to help their own people sleep, wake up after not only will be in good spirits, and on the surrounding environment will be the degree of response is much improved.

The researchers said that to prevent insomnia, improve sleep quality depends mainly on the adoption of a healthy lifestyle:

1. Before bed, should ensure that their emotions stable, people in the state of relaxation. can do to help ease their brain activity. If bedtime watch while TV, while listening to music or, If there is a bedtime reading habits, lighting is not very bright tune. In addition, while doing yoga gong, or a short meditation will help to relax.

2. Daily sleep and get up as far as possible, should be fixed in time, this will be conducive to the internal body clock to get up and prepare for sleep. The bedroom temperature should not be too high, the indoor layout should warm as the keynote. If placed luminous bedside alarm clock, they should be placed outside the field of vision.

3. Go to bed, I could not sleep more than 15 minutes, it can get out of bed and do something relaxing things, such as reading. I could not sleep, if hard adhere to lie on the bed, not only for themselves quickly falling asleep while feeling anxious and helpless in sleep.

4. Exercise can help sleep better. But the choice of exercise time is very important. The ideal time for morning exercise. At night it will lead to insomnia exercise, because exercise can lead to an increase in energy.

5. Dinner not overfed. For those who do not easily falling asleep, afternoon and evening it is best not to drink caffeinated beverages. Things such as tobacco and alcohol are likely to affect normal sleep function.

The researchers also cautioned that not enough sleep and not be seriously affected people’s health. Missing McGREGOR would tarnish the memory capacity while causing depression, and decrease people’s resistance, easy illness. When insomnia situation has continued to worsen, sustained more than a month, should go to the hospital to be checked.

Improve sleep quality

1. Adhere to the rest of the time, over the weekend not to sleep too late. If you Saturday night to promote sleep late, then you may be Sunday night insomnia.

2. In about two hours sleep before eating a small dinner, not to drink too much water, because the toilet at night will affect the sleep quality; Do not eat hot evening of food rich in oil, because these foods will also affect sleep.

3. Bedtime away from coffee and nicotine. I suggest you do not sleep eight hours before drinking coffee.

4. Choose exercise time. The afternoon training is the best time to sleep, and regular physical activity can improve the quality of sleep at night.

5. Keep at room temperature Bedroom help lower the temperature of sleep.

6. To sleep on the big night. The daytime snooze may lead to sleep at night time was “deprived.” Daytime sleep time in strictly controlled within one hour, and not 15 after also sleep.

7. Keep quiet. Turn off the television and radio, because the quiet to improve sleep quality is very useful.

8. A comfortable bed. A comfortable bed for you to provide a good sleep space. In addition, you have to determine whether enough spacious bed.

9. Bedtime bath. Sleep before a hot water bath helps you relax muscles, so you can sleep better.

10. Do not rely on sleeping pills. Before taking sleeping pills must consult a doctor, I suggest you do not take sleeping pills over four weeks.

Finally experts advise, insomnia when not to their own pressure, because pressure will let you more sleepless

The treatment of insomnia know-how

Insomnia is a common problem modern people, because life and work pressures, many people had insomnia. Insomnia can try the following method, the situation may improve sleep. But this is not a panacea, the effect varies from person to person.
First, we must cultivate insomnia this “minimum sleep one night affect the” concept. In many cases, insomnia is frightening its own, and my heart always worried that I could not sleep, forming a vicious circle. To eliminate this cycle, it is necessary to establish that concept, relax mood, no pressure, naturally easy

Second, the interference of external factors is one of the key people to sleep. Car sound, television and conversation volume, etc., so that the people can hardly concentric sensitive security. When you agitate the minds of these things, how to safely sleep? Therefore, the only proceed from its own sensory organ. Wear ear plugs, goggles can help reduce external noise, let them in a “no five fingers Hand”. Initially, might feel uncomfortable, as long as several more Dai, a natural habit no problem. Do not belittle these small ear plugs, which let you tranquil, washed turbulence soul lead you to a night of sleep peacefully.

You may also use relax approach. The pressure of people nervous, go to bed with such a feeling that many people only look ceilings with education. Some people like bedtime do sports, such as play tai chi, yoga, etc.are a good way of physical and mental relaxation. These campaigns will not do, then it will take deep breaths, do deep breathing exercise in bed, in the tense, fast and shallow breathing, lack of ventilation. Deep breathing contraction of the diaphragm, elongation abdomen, increased lung capacity, and then slowly exhaled air will be, so the lungs are fully ventilators, and enhance the activity of the sympathetic nerve, reduce tension. Therefore, as long as the bed or on preimplantation done several times deep breathing exercise, can help themselves

What are the abnormal menstrual Characterization

The menstrual abnormalities in time, form and flow, both great differences, and these differences is obstetrics and gynecology physicians may be used to distinguish between the substantive organ disease, or endocrine factors leading to ovarian dysfunction, and even then systemic diseases as reference.

The gap between the normal menstrual cycle is about 28 days (± 7 days are normal), a small number of women may be around for 45 days. The average number of days for bleeding four days (2-7 days are normal count), the amount of bleeding and menstrual individual differences are considerable, but everyone monthly menstrual small amount varies, the average is about 80 ㏄. Human hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary and uterus of normal or not, the normal relations with menstrual performance; In other words, once these problems organ, or the linkages between them appeared interference phenomenon, menstrual abnormalities were on the performance of the state.

Menstrual abnormalities may be manifested in the interval, the number of days and bleeding different from the usual amount of bleeding:
A. menorrhagia: bleeding volume and the number of days are increased, the cycle is still twice the rules. Menstrual days over seven days, the amount of bleeding over 80 ㏄ that is known as menorrhagia. Too many bleeding may lead to anemia, menstrual period may arise after the fatigue, sleepiness. Excessive bleeding more serious breathing difficulties may arise when the symptoms.

B. On a less: menstrual cycle regularity, but less bleeding.

C. irregular uterine bleeding: normal menstrual bleeding volume, the cycle is extremely irregular intervals.

D. irregular and excessive menstrual: When menstruation was unexpected, irregular, and the amount of bleeding and the number of days are excessive.

E. excessive menstrual number: bleeding cycle rules, but less than 21 days apart.

F. menstrual number is too small: the cycle irregular bleeding, but more than 45 days apart.

G. menstrual bleeding between: in the rules between the non-menstrual period of menstrual bleeding.

H. bleeding after menopause: After menopause, menstruation has been completely suspended and a sudden onset of menstruation there.