Gasoline engine with gasoline as a fuel is a spark-ignition internal combustion engine.
Gasoline engines generally use the reciprocating piston structure, the body, crank linkage, gas distribution system, fuel injection system, the lubrication system and ignition system components.
Diesel gasoline engine than the lightweight, low manufacturing cost, less noise, low-temperature start-up of good, but the thermal efficiency and lower the rate of fuel consumption. Motorcycle, chain saw and other small power plant for the sake of portable, cheap, common air-cooled two-stroke gasoline engine; Fixed small gasoline engine power for the sake of simple, reliable and lower-cost, mostly by four-stroke water-cooled; Cars and light trucks are mostly used overhead-valve water-cooled steam oil machine, but with fuel consumption problems have become an increasing emphasis on diesel vehicles in such broad application gradually; small aircraft engines or for the sake of Light and Power, with most of the hemisphere-chamber air-cooled gasoline engines.
Reciprocating Engine component of the main crank linkage, and gas cylinder head body, valve bodies, dispensing systems, lubrication systems, cooling systems, starting installations.
Cylinder is a cylinder-shaped metal parts. The cylinder is closed cycle of work, have the power source. All equipped with cylinder installed in the cylinder body, the top of it with a closed cylinder head. In the inner cylinder piston reciprocating movement, and from the cylinder closed lower cylinder, thereby creating volume changes for the sealing of space. Fuel combustion in this space, the gas dynamic campaign promoting the Pistons. After reciprocating piston connecting rod to promote the crankshaft rotational movement from the crankshaft flywheel-will power output. The Detroit group, Linkage Group, crankshaft and the flywheel of the engine crank linkage is a major part of power transfer.
Group by the Detroit Pistons, piston rings, piston pin components. The Pistons were cylindrical, with top piston ring to the reciprocating piston cylinder when confined. Several Piston Ring Road above the gas as part of cylinder used to be closed to prevent leakage of gas cylinder below the ring as oil ring, cylinder wall to be used for the redundant oil scraped to prevent cylinder lubricant shoes. Rolls cylinder piston pin, which penetrated the piston and connecting rod small pin hole in the head, connecting rod and piston link. Linkage bulk-half points by connecting rod screws linked to the crankshaft with the crank pin connected. Linkage, when the first small-link with a reciprocating piston movement, link with the crank pin-heads around a rotating crankshaft axis movement, the first link between the size of the shaft complex for the swing movement.
Crankshaft is the role of the reciprocating piston movement into rotational movement, and by the power stroke, with the installation of the crankshaft flywheel back on the transfer out. Flywheel energy can be stored, so that the Pistons other program to work properly and evenly rotating crankshaft. To balance the inertial force and reduce engine vibration in the crankshaft Crank also appropriate balance of quality.
Cylinder Head in the inlet and exhaust Road, in the package, exhaust valve. Fresh charge (that is, air or air and fuel mixture of combustible gas) by air filter, intake manifold, the intake valve inlet and filling the cylinder. After the expansion of the exhaust gas doors, exhaust Road and exhaust pipe, the exhaust muffler finally discharged into the atmosphere. Jin, the exhaust valve is opened and closed by the camshaft on the import and exhaust cam through tappet, putters, and the rocker arm valve springs and transmission parts were to be controlled, as a mechanical valve train engine. Usually the air filter, intake manifold, exhaust pipes and exhaust muffler intake and exhaust system components.
To cylinder for the fuel, are equipped with internal combustion engine fuel injection system. Gasoline engine installed in the intake manifold through the entrance side of the carburetor air and gasoline by a certain percentage (AFR) mixed, and then into the intake manifold for the cylinder, gasoline engine ignition timing control system EDM ignited.
The cylinder internal combustion engine to fuel combustion piston, cylinder, cylinder head and valve components such as heat, temperature increases. To ensure normal operation of internal combustion engine, the components must be subject to temperature, not due to overheating damaged, it must have cooling system.
Engine state can not stop themselves into functioning state, we must from outside crankshaft rotation, the starting. Such devices have external device known as the starter. Commonly used an electric starter, compressed air starter, and the gasoline engine starting, including human Start.
The work of the internal combustion engine intake, compression, combustion and expansion process and exhaust components. These processes only for external expansion process is reactive process, other processes are for the better realization of the process and the need for reactive process. According to achieve a work cycle of the number of strokes, the cycle can be divided into two four-stroke and two-stroke.
Four-stroke refers to the intake, compression, expansion and exhaust completed within a four day work cycle, rotating crankshaft here twice. Inlet trip, this time to open the intake valve, exhaust doors closed. Flow air filter air, or through the carburetor with gasoline hybrid form of combustible gas mixture, the inlet pipe, valve into the cylinder; When the compression stroke, by compressed gas cylinder, pressure increased, the temperature rise; Stroke is the only point in the compressed before ignition or fuel injection, mixed gas combustion, produce high temperature, high pressure, and promote the piston downward for work; Exhaust trip, the Pistons pushed by the cylinder exhaust emissions from the door. After this trip by the Inlet, a work for the next cycle.
Two-stroke refers to be completed within a two day work cycle, the crankshaft rotation during the lap. First, when the Pistons ended the next point, Jin, vents are open, fresh charge by the inlet into the cylinder filling and remove the cylinder exhaust from the exhaust port to the discharge; After Detroit uplink, Jin, vents are closed, cylinder Charge begun to be compressed until close to the Pistons only when the ignition or fuel injection point, the cylinder combustible mixture combustion; Gas cylinder and then inflated to promote Detroit for downlink power; When the Pistons exercise vents open, emissions that result from the Pistons continue to the next only downlink, which completed a work cycle.
The process of internal combustion engine exhaust and intake process collectively the ventilation process. Ventilators’s main role is as much as possible on a cycle of exclusion from clean, the cycle for as much as possible into the fresh charge, so that the greatest possible number of fuel combustion in the cylinder, thus a greater power. Ventilators process have a direct impact on engine performance. Apart from lowering into this, the resistance to flow exhaust system, principally to the inlet and outlet gate at the most appropriate time to open and close.
Indeed, the intake valve is opened before the only point, to ensure that the intake valve piston downward, a greater opening of this in intake process at the beginning of decreasing flow resistance and reduce power consumption by suction, but also more filling into the fresh charge. When the Pistons Inlet trip run to the next point ended, as airflow inertia, fresh charge will continue to charge into the cylinder, so only next to the intake valve closing point delayed.
Exhaust also next door just ahead of the opening point, that is part of expansion program that started after exhaust, it is within the cylinder in order to take advantage of higher gas pressure so that emissions outflow cylinder automatic, so that the Pistons only from the point only point upward movement within the cylinder gas pressure lower, the Pistons will be to reduce emissions out of the cylinder the amount of reactive power. Exhaust valve in the closed after only point to the use of exhaust flow inertia, so that the residual gas cylinder exclude even more clean.
Engine performance including dynamic performance and economic performance. Dynamic performance is issued by the internal combustion engine power (torque), said in energy conversion in the engine of the size of the signs dynamic performance parameters such as torque and power. Economic performance is a certain power, fuel consumption and the amount that the energy conversion of the merits, signs of economic performance parameters thermal efficiency and fuel consumption rates.
Engine future development will focus on improving the combustion process and improving mechanical efficiency, reduce heat loss, reducing fuel consumption rate; The development and use of non-petroleum fuel products, expanding fuel resources; Emission reduction of harmful components, reduce noise and vibration, reduce environmental pollution; Using high supercharger technology, further strengthen the internal combustion engine, enhancing single power; Development of hybrid engine, turbo-compound adiabatic engine; a microprocessor control engine, and to make it the best operating condition; enhanced structural strength of research to improve the reliability and life of a constantly New Engine system